Focus Group Discussions in Qualitative Research: Dos and Don'ts

Abstract

Purpose: The study aimed to shed light on the dos and don’ts of using focus group discussions for data collection in qualitative research. Design/Methodology/Approach: Exploratory research design was employed to understand the dos and don’ts while utilising semi-structured interviews for data collection. The study accommodated a sample size of 11 key informants who were determined by saturation point. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the collected data. Findings: The findings revealed that establishing ground rules, applying communication skills effectively, asking open-ended questions, using proper language, maintaining ethical standards, and recording accurately are the things novices should do to make their qualitative study successful when using focus group discussion to collect data. The findings on the other hand, show that novices should not have judgmental reactions, should not ask yes or no questions, should not interrupt or cause distractions, and should not show bias or favoritism when using focus group discussions for data collection in qualitative research. Originality: This study provides the findings using primary data whilst utilising insights from qualitative interviews. It contributes to the body of knowledge by providing clear guidelines on the effective use of Focus Group Discussions, ensuring data quality and richness by avoiding any drawbacks while using FGDs, and improving methodological rigor by showing how FGDs complement other qualitative methods. Practical Implications: These findings are useful to ensure proper decision making to novices on appropriateness of the data collection techniques and their usefulness in achieving research goals.