Evaluating the General Population of Saudi Arabia for Their Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Towards Dementia

Abstract

Introduction Dementia, a prevalent neurological condition, has a significant global impact on individuals and communities. Despite affecting approximately 50 million people worldwide, with an expected tripling by 2050, there are currently no widely available disease-modifying treatments. Recent efforts have concentrated on strategies involving legislation, regulations, and population-wide initiatives to address dementia risk, diagnosis, and care. Methods This cross-sectional survey engaged 6123 participants in Saudi Arabia, utilizing a multistage sampling design across provinces and cities. The study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the Saudi Arabian general population regarding dementia. Results Participants displayed diverse opinions on dementia knowledge, with females exhibiting higher rates of knowledge, attitudes, and practices than males. Notably, 97.2% of females were aware of dementia compared to 78% of males. The perception of dementia as a healthcare priority was significantly higher in females (84.1%) than in males (59.6%). Older females (65) were identified as the age group most associated with dementia (92.50%) compared to males (71.10%). Conclusion While participants demonstrated excellent knowledge of hearing about dementia, understanding symptoms, and identifying modifiable factors, their knowledge regarding prevention and curability was found to be inadequate. A significant gender association was observed, with females exhibiting higher knowledge, attitudes, and practices than males.