Statistical analysis for the removal of crystal violet using bacterial cellulose powder via response surface methodology

Abstract

Statistical analysis for the removal of crystal violet (CV) using bacterial cellulose (BC) powder was evaluated. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to observe the interactions between BC powder size (µm), initial CV concentration (mg/L), BC powder load (mg), and contact time (min) on the percentage of CV removal (%). The experiments were designed using Box-Behnken design by Statistica 8.0 software package. As a result, the mathematical model was developed to show the effect of each parameter and their interaction on the percentage of CV removal by BC powder. The statistical significance of the model equation was obtained as the calculated F-value (18.683) was greater than the tabulated F0.05 (2.510). A high coefficient of determination (R2) value which is 0.893 was also achieved. Additionally, the most significant parameter that affect the percentage of CV removal by BC powder was the linear and quadratic term of initial CV concentration (X2) with the largest t-value (9.635, -6.419) and smallest p-value (0.000000, 0.000005). Thus, the potential use of BC powder as an adsorbent material for the removal of CV solution had been statistically proven.