Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Exercise

Abstract

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a dimeric protein found throughout the brain, promotes the survival of nerve cells by playing a role in the growth, maturation, and maintenance of cells [1]. Along with supporting the survival of existing neurons, BDNF encourages differentiation and growth of new neurons and synapses [2,3]. In the brain the hippocampus, cortex, and basal forebrain, which are vital to learning, memory, and higher thinking, are all locations where BDNF is active [4]. A number of stimuli have been found to increase BDNF gene regulation including light in the visual cortex, osmotic in the hypothalamus, electrical in the hippocampus, and exercise in the hippocampus [5].