A review of the pharmacological effects of Anacardiaceae family on controlling lipid profile (dyslipidemia)

Abstract

Dyslipidemia is a chronic non-communicable disease (CNCD), induced by abnormalities in lipid metabolism resulting from excess intake of cholesterol, trans and saturated fats. Dyslipidemia is indicated by increased plasma total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglyceride levels, and lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. Common treatments for dyslipidemia do not indicate ideal plasma cholesterol levels for every patient, which means better treatment is required. Some species of the Anacardiaceae family have pharmacological effects on controlling lipid distribution in dyslipidemia. Mango (Mangifera indica), cashew (Anacardium occidentale), and sumac (Rhus coriaria) are Anacardiaceae family species that people around the world widely consume. These species contain high fiber and saturated fat, which help improve body lipid levels. The literature used in this review was obtained from some databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. In this review, 15 species of Anacardiaceae will be reviewed for their antidyslipidemic activity in vivo and in vitro experiments for the past10 years. Some of the articles studied the mechanisms of the lowering-lipid profile, but the information remains unclear. Future trials with the study of the molecular mechanisms of those species are fascinating to understand.