Physical unclonable function: Architectures, applications and challenges for dependable security

Abstract

Physical unclonable function (PUF) is hardware-specific security primitive for providing cryptographic functionalitiesthat are applicable for secure communication among the embedded devices. The physical structure of PUF is considered to beeasy to manufacture but hard or impossible to replicate due to variations in its manufacturing process. However, a largecommunity of analytics believes hardware-based PUF has paved the way for its realisation in providing dependable security. Inthis study, the authors have thoroughly explored the architecture, applications, requirements, and challenges of PUF thatprovide security solutions. For presenting the literature, they have designed a taxonomy where PUFs are divided under twomain categories, including non-silicon and silicon-based PUF. Currently, there is no comprehensive survey that highlights thecomparison and usability of memory-based and analogue/mixed-signal based PUF that are considered to be suitable ascompared to counterparts. In a similar vein, they have presented the network-specific application scenarios in wireless sensornetwork, wireless body area network and Internet of Things and then identified the strong, weak and controlled PUF in acategorical manner. Moreover, they have presented a number of prospective limitations that are identified in PUF structures andthen identified the open research challenges to meet the desired security levels.