The Effects of Health Education on HIV through Audio Visual Media on HIV Prevention Behavior among Adolescents in a High School in Tangerang

Abstract

Adolescents are a group at risk of HIV exposure. At this age, adolescents have a high curiosity, so if it is not followed by an attitude that cares about HIV prevention efforts, then the attitude will lead adolescents to behave at risk of HIV, such as premarital sex and injecting drug use. One preventive method that can be taken is to provide education through audio-visual media. This media can help improve learning outcomes and motivation. This study aims to analyze the impact of health education about HIV through audio-visual media on HIV prevention behavior among adolescents in a high school in Tangerang Regency. The study method was quantitative with a quasi-experimental design using one group pre-post design. Instrument of the study was Sexual Behavioral Abstinence and Avoidance of High-Risk Situation Questionnaire (SBAHAQ). Respondents were selected using purposive sampling. The respondents watched audio-visual media (6:50 minutes) about HIV prevention. The pre-test was conducted before the intervention and the post-test was conducted 21 days after the intervention. The total number of respondents was 59 and age ranged between 15 and 18 years. The average score of HIV prevention behavior increased from 11.03 to 13.27 after the intervention with p value 0,001. Health education delivered through audio-visual media about HIV prevention can improve prevention behavior among adolescents in a high school in Tangerang Regency. Audio-visual media can be used in school learning, to make it easier for adolescents to understand HIV prevention behavior and an audio-visual media can be used to increase adolescent behavior in prevention HIV.Remaja merupakan kelompok yang berisiko terpapar virus HIV. Hal ini dikarenakan remaja memiliki sikap ingin tahu yang tinggi, sehingga jika tidak di ikuti dengan sikap yang peduli terhadap upaya pencegahan HIV, maka sikap tersebut akan mendorong remaja berperilaku berisiko terhadap virus HIV. Salah satu langkah pencegahan yang bisa dilakukan yaitu memberikan edukasi melalui media audio visual. Media ini dapat membantu meningkatkan hasil belajar serta motivasi siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak pendidikan kesehatan tentang HIV melalui media audio visual terhadap perilaku pencegahan HIV di kalangan remaja di SMA Negeri di Kabupaten Tangerang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan desain quasi eksperimental menggunakan one group pre-post design. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner Sexual Behavioral Abstinence and Avoindance of High-Risk Situation Questionnaire (SBAHAQ). Pengambilan sample menggunakan Purposive Sampling. Responden menonton media audio visual mengenai pencegahan HIV (6:50 menit). Pre-test dilakukan sebelum intervensi dan post-test dilakukan 21 hari setelah intervensi. Sample berjumlah 59 dengan rentang usia 15-18 tahun. Rata-rata skor perilaku pencegahan HIV mengalami peningkatan dari 11,03 menjadi 13,27 setelah dilakukan intervensi dengan hasil p value 0,001. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pendidikan kesehatan yang disampaikan melalui media audio visual mengenai HIV dapat meningkatkan perilaku pencegahan di kalangan remaja di SMA Negeri di Kabupaten Tangerang. Diharapkan penelitian ini bisa memperluas pemahaman tentang HIV dengan menonton media audio visual yang telah dibuat oleh peneliti di YouTube.