The IMAGINE Intervention: Impacting Physical Activity, Body Fat, Body Mass Index, and Dietary Inflammatory Index

Abstract

Many behavior-change interventions focused on nutrition and physical activit (PA) have been implemented to prevent disease and promote optimal health. Thi study examined changes in PA with Energy-Adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Inde (E-DII™) and chronic disease risk factors in participants of a multicomponent inter vention. Data from the Inflammation Management Intervention (IMAGINE) wer used. Participants self-selected into the intervention or control group. At baselin and 12 wk (postintervention), participants completed three unannounced 24-h di etary recalls (24HR), anthropometric measures (height, weight), and a dual x-ra absorptiometry scan. PA was measured using Sensewear® armbands. E-D scores were calculated from the 24HR. Descriptive statistics and t-tests summa rized variables and multiple regression assessed relationships between PA an body mass index (BMI), total body fat percent, and E-DII scores. Intervention par ticipants increased moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) and lowered BMI, total bod fat, and E-DII scores compared with controls. Every 10-min increase in postinter vention MVPA was associated with 1.6 kg·m−2 lower BMI (P < 0.01) and 2.4% lower body fat percent (P < 0.01) among control participants, after adjusting for co variates. Every 10-min increase in postintervention MVPA was associated with 0. lower (i.e., less inflammatory) postintervention E-DII (P = 0.01) scores among inter vention participants, after adjusting for covariates. Participants who changed die tary intake changed PA. Although changes were in expected directions, thi intervention’s emphasis on dietary behaviors compared with PA may have attenu ated the relationship between PA and study outcomes.