Bridging the Urban-Rural Broadband Connectivity Gap using 5G Enabled HAPs Communication Exploiting TVWS Spectrum

Abstract

As with previous generations of mobile cellular networks, rural regions are projected to face financial and technological challenges in deploying 5G services. At the time, researchers all around the world are investigating the feasibility of utilizing TV White Spaces (TVWS). TVWS is an underutilized/unused section of television spectrum that might be used as a low-cost alternative to typical licensed wired/wireless broadband networks, as well as to bridge the broadband service availability gap between rural and urban regions. A feasible alternative is to deliver TVWS services via High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) for many developed and developing nations to deliver broadband services to a large proportion of their rural and low-income populations. This article examines the advantages of utilizing TVWS spectrum from HAPs as well as the challenges connected with this type of communication architecture. This article examines the advantages of leveraging TVWS spectrum from HAPs as well as the challenges that come with this type of communication architecture. They distribute messages across a large region while monitoring and optimizing radio resource allocation, owing to their position in the sky and the centralized design of the communication system. The article assesses the performance of such a system using the IEEE 802.22 standard and the ITU-R P.452 free space path-loss model. Moreover, this article pointed out the main challenge of using TVWS spectrum from HAP system.