Physical and Biological Properties of Layers with Nanoparticles Based on Metal Chalcogenides and Titanium Synthesized by Femtosecond Laser Ablation and Fragmentation in Liquid

Abstract

In this paper, we present the physical properties and toxicological assessment of layers with nanoparticles based on metal chalcogenides and titanium on human fibroblast cells. Nanoparticles layers based on metal chalcogenides (MoS2, WS2, ZnS) and titanium were applied onto substrate by spray deposition method. Nanoparticles and flakes were synthesized by laser ablation and fragmentation in liquid by femtosecond pulses. We investigated the size and morphology of the synthesized nanoparticles: WS2-based flakes have a polygonal shape with dimensions up to 600 nm, other types of nanoparticles have a shape closer to spherical with sizes from 50 to 150 nm. Interaction of ultrafast laser radiation with materials in liquid is accompanied by the dissociation of water molecules leads to formation of hydrogen sulfide and oxides. To assess the biocompatibility of layers with synthesized nanoparticles, the MTT assay was performed with fibroblast cells. According to in vitro studies, Ti-based nanoparticles have the largest biocompatibility, and WS2-based flakes have the smallest ones. Thus, synthesized Ti-based nanoparticles can be used in biomedical applications to support tissue regeneration without additional modification. Due to their properties, metal sulfides-based nanoparticles can be used in the photodynamic therapy of oncological diseases to destroy cancer cells.