Determinants of adolescent sexual behaviour in Malaysia: a scoping review

Abstract

Adolescent sexual health is a crucial component of public health in Malaysia, particularly in light of ongoing socio-cultural transformations. This scoping review aims to identify and map the factors influencing adolescent sexual behaviour in Malaysia to support the development of targeted interventions. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, ProQuest, and through manual methods in line with PRISMA guidelines. Studies published in English from January 2013 to September 2023 were considered and out of 348 retrieved articles, seven met the inclusion criteria. Key factors associated with adolescent sexual behaviour included romantic relationships, peer influence, pornography exposure, sexual desire, economic challenges, and inadequate parental monitoring. Findings reveal that while the overall prevalence of sexual activity remains lower than in many developed countries, significant behavioural risks are present among Malaysian adolescents. Comprehensive sexuality education, improved parent-adolescent communication, and accessible sexual and reproductive health services are essential. These measures will aid in the prevention of risky sexual practices and promote informed, healthy development among adolescents.