Exploring Comfort and Entertainment: The Impact of Campus Design on Student Social Interaction — Insights from Bahrain

Abstract

Background: This study investigates the influence of spatial design elements on social interactions among students at Ahlia University in Bahrain. It emphasizes that well-designed environments can enhance social bonds by exploring how natural and artificial physical features support relationships on campus. Methods: Utilizing a mixed-methods approach which encompasses on-site observations, student surveys, and space syntax analysis—the study systematically identifies key factors influencing interpersonal attraction and interaction types, including similarity, familiarity, and physical proximity. Results: The findings demonstrate that students primarily congregate in the cafeteria and communal areas; however, perceptions of comfort and entertainment are significantly diminished owing to insufficient seating and limited recreational facilities. This underscores the considerable influence of the physical environment on influencing student experiences and engagement. Conclusion: This research demonstrates how considerate spatial planning can foster community development and enhance social cohesion. To elevate campus life, it is advisable to incorporate user feedback into the design process, apply space syntax principles to optimize layout efficacy, and enhance safety and comfort measures. Addressing these aspects can enable universities to create more inviting and functional environments that encourage meaningful interactions and cultivate a robust sense of community among students.