Effects of lateral connectivity on zooplankton community structure in floodplain lakes

Abstract

Hydrological conditions are responsible for the changes in lateral connectivity between the main river channel and the floodplain lakes, a factor controlling zooplankton abundance and diversity. We tested the hypothesis that the degree of connectivity between the aquatic habitats and the river channel governs the zooplankton densities and community structure. Abundances, community composition and species diversity of zooplankton were analysed against the gradient of lakes’ connectivity and the water quality parameters under a natural flood pulse in the Biebrza River (North-Eastern Poland). Our findings revealed that the water level fluctuations directly affect the availability of nutrients, aeration, what in turn controls the densities and biovolumes of zooplankton communities. Along with the increase in the lake isolation, the taxonomic diversity of zooplankton decreased, while the eudomination of taxa indicative of advanced trophy (Rotifera) was observed. Qualitative parameters, as number of species, diversity and richness, were significantly higher at mean water levels, which supports the intermediate disturbance hypothesis. The sensitivity of the zooplankton community to variable hydrological conditions and lateral connectivity gradient demonstrates its potential as an unexploited indicator of any habitat changes in the aquatic ecosystems.