Assessing the Environmental Impact of Glass Waste and Substantiating its Secondary Use in the Production of Silicate Construction Materials

Abstract

Glass waste poses significant environmental challenges, including soil and water contamination, particularly from leaching substances like lead. In Kazakhstan, glass waste recycling remains inefficient, with only 10-11% of total glass waste being processed. This study aims to evaluate the environmental impact of glass waste and explore its secondary use in producing silicate construction materials. The research employs waste life cycle analysis, environmental impact assessment, and experimental glass processing into construction components such as foam glass and concrete additives. Findings show that utilizing glass waste in construction materials can reduce CO2 emissions by up to 30%, enhance the strength and durability of concrete, and substitute up to 30% of cement in mixes. Additionally, foam glass from crushed glass bottles exhibits excellent insulation and mechanical properties. The study concludes that the secondary use of glass waste in construction offers significant ecological and economic benefits. Implementing advanced recycling technologies and integrating these materials into Kazakhstan's construction industry can mitigate environmental impacts and promote sustainability.