Quantification of lipoprotein(a) in plasma by assaying cholesterol in lectin-bound plasma fraction

Abstract

Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-like particle in which apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)] is disulfide-linked to apolipoprotein B (apoB). High concentrations of Lp(a) in plasma are associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Lp(a) has traditionally been measured by immunoassay and expressed as total mass of Lp(a). Measuring Lp(a) by its cholesterol content will provide a way to directly compare Lp(a) with other lipoproteins that are measured by cholesterol. We have developed an assay to quantify Lp(a) by its cholesterol content [Lp(a)-C], using lectin affinity to isolate Lp(a) from other lipoproteins, and then measuring the cholesterol within the isolated fraction. We compared the Lp(a)-C assay with an ELISA for Lp(a) mass in 47 plasma samples from normotriglyceridemic, fasting individuals with high Lp(a) contents (mean ± SD, 446 ± 350 mg/L). The mean Lp(a)-C concentration was 110 ± 89 mg/L and correlated very highly with Lp(a) mass (r = 0.9975). Lp(a)-C measurement is an alternative method to screen for this CHD risk factor.