IoT forensics: Challenges, methodologies, and future directions in securing the Internet of Things ecosystem

Abstract

The rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) has significantly impacted digital forensics, introducing both new opportunities and challenges. IoT forensics, a specialized field within digital forensics, focuses on the acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of data from diverse IoT devices such as smart home systems, wearables, and industrial platforms. This review examines the current state of IoT forensics, highlighting challenges such as device diversity, data volatility, encryption, and the need for real-time analysis. It also evaluates existing forensic methodologies and tools, assessing their effectiveness and limitations in addressing these challenges. Furthermore, the paper identifies critical research gaps and proposes future directions, including the development of standardized forensic frameworks and greater collaboration between IoT manufacturers and forensic experts. The aim is to advance IoT forensic practices to keep pace with rapidly evolving IoT technologies, thereby enhancing the investigation and prosecution of cybercrimes.