Does the normal stress parallel to the sliding plane affect the friction of ice upon ice?

Abstract

Sliding experiments were performed at-10°C on smooth surfaces of freshwater columnargrained S2 ice sliding against itself at a velocity of 8 × 10-4 m s-1, with the purpose of examining whether normal stress parallel to the sliding plane affects frictional resistance. This component of the stress tensor was varied (0.20-1.83 MPa) using a loading system operated under biaxial compression, by orienting the sliding plane at two different angles, 26° and 64°, with respect to the principal loading direction. Under these conditions, no evidence was found to indicate that the normal stress in the direction of sliding affects the friction coefficient.