Contributing factors involved in the safety of elderly people with chronic illness in home healthcare: a qualitative study

Abstract

Introduction Patients receiving home care are often elderly people with chronic illnesses that increasingly experience patient safety barriers due to special care needs. Objective The present study was conducted to determine the factors involved in the safety of elderly patients with chronic illnesses receiving home care. Methods A qualitative study with a conventional content analysis method was conducted in home care agencies of Tehran, Iran from August 2020 to July 2022. For data generation, semistructured interviews were conducted with 11 nurses, 2 nurse assistants, 1 home care inspector (an expert working at the deputy of treatment) and 3 family caregivers. Moreover, four observational sessions were also held. Data analysis was done using the five-step Graneheim and Lundman method. Results According to the results, the facilitators of the safety of the elderly patients with chronic illnesses included the family's participation, nurse's competence, efficiency of the home care agency management and patient's participation in patient safety. The barriers to patient safety included problems created by the family, nurse's incompetence, inefficiency of the home care agency, patient's prevention of patient safety, home care setting limitations and health system limitations. Conclusion The majority of the factors involved in the safety of elderly patients with chronic diseases receiving home care had dual roles and could serve as a double-edged sword to guarantee or hinder patient safety. Identification of the facilitators and barriers can assist nurses and the healthcare system in planning and implementing patient safety improvement programmes for elderly patients with chronic illnesses.