The umbilical coiling index in term pregnancy as a marker of perinatal outcome

Abstract

The coil is of (360) degree spiral course of umbilical vessels. The normal umbilical cord coil is one coil 5 cm. The antenatal umbilical coiling index was intended as the equal of the distance involving a pair of coils, [antenatal UCI = 1 / distance (cm)]. The distance between the coils was measured from the inner edge of an arterial or venous wall to the outer edge of the next coil along the lateral side of the umbilical cord. Umbilical cord coiling index grouped as follows: Hypocoiled umbilical coiling index <10th percentile; Hypercoiled umbilical coiling index >90th percentile; Normocoiled umbilical coiling index between 10th-90th percentiles. The aim of this study is to decrease perinatal and morbidity and mortality among neonates by early detection of umbilical coiling index by ultrasound examination during pregnancy, before starting active labor and study In this cross-sectional study include (100) cases of pregnant women at early labor (latent phase) exam by ultrasound, during which umbilical cord cross-sectional region, umbilical, vessels cross-sectional area and umbilical coiling index: were calculated and compared with Doppler - parameters including- umbilical vein blood flow volume; peak systolic velocity and umbilical artery pulsatility index. The ultrasound findings were correlated with Intrapartum and neonatal outcome. In this study, the result divided according to the umbilical cord cross-sectional area and umbilical coiling index values. Our results indicated that the cross-sectional area of the umbilical cord was below the 10th percentile in 14% of fetuses, while 86% was with the normal cross-sectional area. Birth weight and placental weight were in the lower limits in fetuses with the lean umbilical cord. The most umbilical cord parameters measured by ultrasound were of lower values in fetuses with the lean umbilical cord. Measurement of the umbilical coiling index shows that in 15% of fetus's umbilical coiling index was below normal values and 9% was above normal values and 76% was in the normal range and finds that abnormal values of the umbilical coiling index were associated with adverse perinatal outcome. There is a weak negative correlation between the umbilical coiling index and the neonatal birth weight and a moderate positive correlation flanked by umbilical vein blood flow volume and umbilical cord cross-sectional region. To conclude, the parameters of the umbilical cord that are measured by U/S were of lower values in fetuses with bend umbilical cord and most of the adverse perinatal outcomes were shown to be associated with abnormal values of the umbilical coiling index.