Scurvy: Rare Orthopaedic Complications Associated with Multinutritional Deficiencies

Abstract

Suboptimal nutrition can lead to deficiencies in micronutrients such as ascorbic acid (vitamin C), which can present with catastrophic neurological sequelae. Deficiencies of vitamin C, vitamin B3 (niacin) and zinc levels contribute to reduced bone density. Vitamin C associated vertebral fractures, although rare in adults, are still treatable if diagnosed early with a thorough clinical and nutritional history, and early supplementation. Radiological clues suggestive of scurvy-induced vertebral fractures can be diagnosed on plain X-ray and MRI spine imaging. LEARNING POINTS • Although nutritional deficits like scurvy, pellagra and zinc deficiency are rare, early recognition and prompt treatment can prevent critical neurological sequelae. • Clinical history including nutritional intake and associated patient symptoms are vital to diagnose scurvy-related vertebral fractures, which are treatable. • It is important to note that scurvy can also present in an adult population.