Can star spots mimic differential rotation?

Abstract

The search for stellar differential rotation in Fourier-transformed profiles utilizes subtle deviations from the standard rotation profile. We investigate the influence of stellar spots on the results obtained with the Fourier Transform Method. Different spot configurations, especially polar spots, are examined, and their influence on Fourier-transformed line profiles studied. We found that polar spots cannot mimic solar-like differential rotation and are thus not critical for the use of the Fourier Transform Method. Although not indicated by Doppler imaging, other configurations may occur on stellar surfaces and their influence on the analysis is discussed. A symmetric distribution of spots in an activity belt leads - in a small region of the parameter space - to line profile that are very similar to the signatures produced by differential rotation.