Mudanças na estrutura do comércio exterior brasileiro: Uma análise sob a ótica da teoria de Heckscher-Ohlin

Abstract

The objective of this study is to analyze the changes in the Brazilian foreign trade structure after the liberalization trade in terms of use of the available productive resources. The analysis is performed based on the factors proportions theory, in model of three factors: labor, natural resources and capital. Using the technique of input-output is measured the content of the trade productive factors while it is analyzed the long-term trend tendencies of Brazilian economic specialization in comparatives advantages terms according to Heckscher-Ohlin theory. The results show a long-term trend of increased participation of resource-intensive products beyond a decrease in the participation of the intensive products in capital and labor in Brazilian exports. On the other hand as they relate to imports, these show a clear trend in the increasing of intensive products in capital and a decrease in the participation of intensive products in natural resources, therefore consistent with the principles of comparative advantages of Heckscher-Ohlin.