Potential Effect of Red Algae Content on Fibroblasts and Collagen Type 3 in Oral Mucosa Wound Healing Diabetes-Induced Rattus Norvegicus

Abstract

Diabetes can lead to abnormalities in the mouth. Diabetes-related oral mucosal disorders are abnormalities associated with impaired salivary gland function and immune system modifications. Red algae are currently of concern because of their potency levels that affect the wound healing process, such as polysaccharides, amino acids, fatty acids, saponins, terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, alkaloids, quinones, terpenoids. This study evaluated the effect of Red algae compositions from Kajhu, Aceh Besar, Indonesia on the oral mucosa wound healing process in diabetes-induced Rattus norvegicus. Red algae extract was produced by the maceration process with 70% ethanol 25L. Phytochemical and GCMS tests were carried out, to determine Red Algae content. Red algae gel was applied to the oral mucosa incision in diabetic Rattus norvegicus to investigate the wound healing process. The parameters studied included wound healing contraction, epithelialization, fibroblast counts, and collagen type 3. The composition of the red algae (Gracilaria sp.) from Kajhu was dominated (39.80%) Hexadecanoic acid. (9e)-9-octadecanoic acid, (11.34%). 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid (6.7%), followed by Erythritol (6.49%), and Cholesterol (5,12%). The data was analyzed using the ANOVA test with significance (p <0.05), post hoc test with Tukey HSD. The gel contains a 3% extract of Glacilaria sp. improves wound healing clinically and histologically. During the proliferative phase, the number of fibroblasts increased, the thickness of the epithelium increased, and it showed regular and cross-linked collagen.