Prevalence of Missing Data in the National Cancer Database and Association with Overall Survival

Abstract

Importance: Cancer registries are important real-world data sources consisting of data abstraction from the medical record; however, patients with unknown or missing data are underrepresented in studies that use such data sources. Objective: To assess the prevalence of missing data and its association with overall survival among patients with cancer. Design, Setting, and Participants: In this retrospective cohort study, all variables within the National Cancer Database were reviewed for missing or unknown values for patients with the 3 most common cancers in the US who received diagnoses from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2015. The prevalence of patient records with missing data and the association with overall survival were assessed. Data analysis was performed from February to August 2020. Exposures: Any missing data field within a patient record among 63 variables of interest from more than 130 total variables in the National Cancer Database. Main Outcomes and Measures: Prevalence of missing data in the medical records of patients with cancer and associated 2-year overall survival. Results: A total of 1198749 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (mean [SD] age, 68.5 [10.9] years; 628 811 men [52.5%]), 2120775 patients with breast cancer (mean [SD] age, 61.0 [13.3] years; 2101758 women [99.1%]), and 1158635 patients with prostate cancer (mean [SD] age, 65.2 [9.0] years; 100% men) were included in the analysis. Among those with non-small cell lung cancer, 851295 patients (71.0%) were missing data for variables of interest; 2-year overall survival was 33.2% for patients with missing data and 51.6% for patients with complete data (P