Study on Clinical and Echocardiographic Assessment of Right Ventricular Function in Patients with Mitral Valve Disease in Medical College Kolkata

Abstract

Background and Aim: Mitral valve disease (MVD) is a significant cardiovascular condition requiring comprehensive evaluation of right ventricular (RV) function. The present study aims to assess the RV function using clinical methods and echocardiography in patients with MVD. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, observational study included 100 patients with moderate and severe MVD at a tertiary care center in India. RV function was assessed through clinical examination and comprehensive echocardiography using 2D, M-mode, color Doppler, pulsed wave Doppler, and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI). Results: Among the total of 100 patients, 43 (43%) patients had mitral stenosis, 31 (31%) had mitral regurgitation, and 26 (26%) had mixed lesions. RV function was assessed using various parameters, 28 (28%) by eye estimation, 43 (40%) by tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, 38 (38%) by RV fractional area change, 47 (47%) by TDI S’velocity, and 42 (42%) by RV myocardial performance index. RV dysfunction was more prevalent in patients with: atrial fibrillation, those classified as New York Heart Association class III and IV, and severe mitral valve involvement. Conclusion: RV dysfunction is common in MVD patients, particularly in those with atrial fibrillation, left atrial dilatation, severe symptoms, and severe valvular involvement. Comprehensive echocardiographic assessment of RV function should be an integral part of the evaluation in MVD patients, as it provides valuable information for risk stratification and clinical management.