HPLC analysis of fatty acids and triterpenoids in fruit of hawthorn (Crataegus azarolus) in Iraqi Kurdistan region

Abstract

Fatty acids and triterpenoids content of three types of hawthorn fruit (Crataegus azarolus) which grows in Iraqi Kurdistan region (season 2011) including Hawraman, Qaradax and house garden, were determined by RP-HPLC technique. The percentages of oils were found to be 12, 10 and 14 %, respectively. HPLC analysis of these oils show contain palmatic acid, palmitoleic (ω 7) acid and high levels of α- linoleic acid about [37.202, 31.402 and 33.816 %], linoleic acid [9.686, 21.556 and 19.135 %], respectively. Divert compounds of triterpenoids composition were also analyzed by HPLC technique in all of them mentioned four triterpenoids compound were detected oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, α-amyrin, β-amyrin and a high ratio (choline, acetylcholine) have also been detected. The ratio of acetylcholine is about 53.800, 24.6144 and 30.8198 % in each types, respectively and a high level of choline detected in Qaradax hawthorn fruits is about 39.2849 % and in house garden about 35.4523 %.