Dissuasive and biocidal activity of Salvia officinalis (Lamiaceae) with induction of malformations in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

Abstract

Different studies have evaluated the biocidal activity of essential oils (EO) in mosquito larvae of medical importance. However, limited research focused on analyzing the EO effect at all the stages of the life cycle of Aedes aegypti has been done. This study evaluates the biological activity of the EO Salvia officinalis against Ae. aegypti. The ovicidal activity was evaluated at 1, 5, 37 and 50 mg.L-1 concentrations in eggs from 0-12 h and eggs from 0-72 h. Larvicidal, pupicidal and adulticidal activities were assessed at exploratory concentrations (EC) and multiple concentrations. We employed an EC of 1,000 mg.L-1 for repellent activity and used an exposure time of 0-2 min and 2-15 min on the forearms of volunteers. The deterrent action was estimated at EC of 5, 50 and 200 mg.L-1. The EO caused malformations in embryos as well as larvae alteration. The highest larvicidal activity was at 63 and 76 mg.L-1 (27 ± 13.4 and 37 ± 18.6 %) with 24 h exposure. The greatest pupicidal mortality was at 310 and 390 mg.L-1 (89 ± 1.53 and 100 ± 0 %) with 48 h exposure. Adulticidal mortality at 300 mg.L-1 was 57.5 ± 0 % and the percentage of repellency was 42 ± 4.7 %. The dissuasive action at 200 mg.L-1 was 97 ± 4.81 %, with an oviposition activity rate of-0.94. S. officinalis showed a biocidal effect on embryos and mortality of pupae and adults, indicating that its potential use in control programs should be focused on these stages of development.