A comprehensive review of thoracic deformity parameters in scoliosis

Abstract

Purpose: The combined spine and rib cage deformity in scoliosis is best described as a thoracic deformity, and recent advances in imaging have enabled better definition of three-dimensional (3D) deformity of the thorax in scoliosis. However, a comprehensive report that summarizes the published thorax deformity quantification parameter studies is lacking in the orthopaedic literature. Methods: An extensive literature review on the quantification of thorax deformity was performed, and a total of 25 thorax deformity parameters were compiled into eight independent categories based on their similarities of deformity assessment. Results: This review serves as the first comprehensive summary of radiographic and CT-based thorax deformity quantification measures. Conclusions: Future work on the complex relationships between spine and ribcage deformity and the relationship with pulmonary function could help improve clinical interventions for scoliosis treatment.