Evaluation of the Diagnostic Utility of Combining Electromyography with Clinical and Pathological Indices in the Diagnosis of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Retrospective Study

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of combining electromyography (EMG) with clinical and pathological parameters in diagnosing diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 156 diabetic patients (69 with DPN, 87 without) treated from July 2022 to December 2024. Clinical, biochemical, and EMG parameters were compared between groups. Multivariate logistic regression identified independent predictors of DPN. ROC curve analysis assessed diagnostic performance. Results: Group A (DPN) had significantly higher levels of glycated hemoglobin, cystatin C, uric acid, and creatinine, and significantly reduced motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities compared to Group B. Logistic regression identified these indicators as independent risk factors. Combined ROC analysis showed higher diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.873) than any single indicator. Conclusion: The combination of EMG with selected clinical and pathological parameters offers high diagnostic accuracy for DPN in diabetic patients.