Comprehensive Review and Analysis of Soiling Detection Technologies in Solar Panels

Abstract

Soiling, defined as the accumulation of dirt, dust, and other particles on the surface of photovoltaic (PV) panels, is a significant issue that substantially impacts solar panel efficiency and performance. This accumulation leads to energy losses and decreased electricity output. Numerous research papers have proposed various systems to address this issue. This paper provides a comprehensive review of recent publications on soiling detection in solar panels. The review methodology includes literature retrieval, screening, content analysis, and bibliometric analysis, utilizing the Scopus database to compile a final selection of 75 papers. This review identifies gaps in previous research, such as the need for more robust and cost-effective detection systems and the integration of emerging technologies like artificial intelligence and remote sensing. Key findings highlight that deep learning models and advanced sensor technologies show promising results in improving soiling detection accuracy. The review also suggests potential areas for future work, emphasizing the development of innovative inspection tools, models, and cleaning systems that can enhance efficiency and reduce operational costs.