Previous exposure to VTA amphetamine enhances cocaine self-administration under a progressive ratio schedule in ANNMDA, AMPA/Kainate, and metabotropic glutamatereceptor-dependent manner

Abstract

Previous exposure to amphetamine (AMPH) in the ventraltegmentalarea (VTA) enhances cocaine self-administration in a D dopamine receptor-dependent manner. The present study examined the contribution of VTA NMDA, AMPA/kainate, and metabotropic glutamate(mGlu) receptors to this effect. Rats in different groups received three intra-VTA injections, one every third day, of either saline (0.5 µl/side), AMPH (2.5 µg/0.5 µl/side), AMPH+CPP (NMDA receptor antagonist; 10 pM or 100 µM/0.5 µl/side), AMPH+CNQX (AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist; 0.3 mM or 1 mM/0.5 µl/side), AMPH+MCPG (mGlu receptor antagonist; 0.5 mM or 50 mM/0.5 µl/side), orthe glutamate receptor antagonists alone. Starting 7-10 days afterthe last pre-exposure injection, rats were trained to self-administercocaine (0.3 mg/kg/infusion) and then tested under a progressive ratio (PR) schedule of reinforcement for 6 consecutive days. Asreported previously, VTA AMPH pre-exposed rats worked more and obtained more infusions of cocaine than saline pre-exposedanimals. Coadministration of CPP, CNQX, or MCPG with AMPH during pre-exposure dose-dependently blocked this enhancement ofcocaine self-administration. Rats pre-exposed to the glutamate receptor antagonists alone did not differ on the test days from the salinepre-exposed controls. These results indicate that, in a manner paralleling the induction of sensitization of the locomotor stimulatingeffects of AMPH, activation of NMDA, AMPA/kainate, and mGlu receptors during pre-exposure to AMPH in the VTA is necessary forthe enhancement of cocaine self-administration to develop. © 2003 American College of Neuropsychopharmacology.