Consistency of Spectra and Antibacterial Activity of the Extract Mixture of Curcuma longa, Zingiber officinale, and Syzigium aromaticum

Abstract

Finding new antibiotic based on local resources is always a challenging effort, since Indonesia almost totally import the antibiotics. Then, antibiotic based jamu is an alternative. Jamu is a traditional herb prepared from local plants and some rhizomes, such as Curcuma longa, Zingiber officinale, and Syzigium aromaticum. These plants have been reported for their antibacterial capability. This paper is focused on the evaluation of antibacterial of these mixtures and their spectral consistency. The method was initiated by extraction of each plants/rhizome using ethanol and water. Each extract was mixed with equal ratio, and further evaluation for growth inhibiting activity in Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Meanwhile, the spectral analysis was determined using FTIR and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The result showed that the mixture of ethanol extract gives a slightly better activity than that using water extract. Furthermore, the UV-Vis spectra of the mixture from ethanol extracts indicates different band absorption in 439 and 417 nm, but no absorption observed in water extract in this range. In addition, the ethanol mixture extract also gives new band (FTIR spectra) in between 1010-1045 cm-1, that these are not observed in water extract. In short, it can be summarized that ethanol extraction process give better extraction procedure and provide better antibacterial activity.