Adaptation of the Perceived Cognitive Overqualification Questionnaire (PCOQ) for the Portuguese Language: A Mixed Approach to Assess Construct Validation in the Context of Migration

Abstract

The perceived overqualification has been the subject of debate over the years. Although relevant in the context of migrations, due to the risks of the migratory experience, studies that focus on it are scarce. Study 1 validates the Perceived Cognitive Overqualification Questionnaire (PCOQ) for the Portuguese context through a convenience sample (N=142). Study 2, with a qualitative approach, explores the relationships between perceived overqualification, job satisfaction, and organizational justice between immigrants and non-migrants through semi-structured interviews (convenience sample, N=27). The results suggest an adequate one-factor structure for the QSCP, with good internal consistency and convergent and discriminant validity. In study 2, immigrants show more job satisfaction when there is voluntary perceived overqualification, they identify themselves with the host country, and have resided there for more than ten years. Future studies should explore the theoretical model proposed for the context of migration and its moderators.