Further grounds for abandoning the concept of testicular dysgenesis syndrome: A response to the paper of Akre and Richiardi (2009)

Abstract

Grounds have been adduced to suggest that one cause of TC is a low post-natal T/G ratio. Since this ratio is also causally associated with sperm quality, the notion of a TDS syndrome seems no longer sustainable: the two components of the syndrome which manifest in infancy do not share a suspected major cause of the two components which manifest in adolescence and adulthood.