Producción y rendimiento de maíz en cuatro tipos de labranza bajo condiciones de temporal

Abstract

The increase in demand for food has forced human beings to the search and adoption of production systems and techniques. In this paper, the maize yield was quantified in four tillage systems: conservation tillage (Lc), no-tillage without mulch (Lo), shallow tillage with harrow (Rm) and disc plow tillage (Ar); considering factors such as plant density, ears per plant and grains per ear. The experimental design was split plots with two factors and two replications per locality; B factor represented by the small plot under four treatments; split plot in the A factor, represented by the large plot using subsoiling and without subsoiling. The location of the study was on plots in the locations: La Tinaja, La Croix, San Isidro and Alista; Creole seed was used in the area, using 20 kg ha–1, the used fertilization was the 100-60-00 Formula; all Phosphorus was deposited on the sowing, the remaining was distributed at the first and second weeding. The obtained results demonstrated that the maize yield was lower in no-tillage without mulch treatment, the best results were at Lc with 8 ton ha–1 in “La Tinaja” and “La Croix” communities; For Ar, higher than 6 ton ha–1 values were registered in the San Isidro and Alista sites. From the comparison among treatments, it is determined that the conditions of climate and soil exert variability on yield, identifying that Lc is not always the best option to get the best yield since Ar also reached higher values in other sites.