Diversity of microcystin-producing genotypes in Brazilian strains of Microcystis (Cyanobacteria)

  • Bittencourt-Oliveira M
  • Oliveira M
  • Pinto E
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Abstract

Microcystis Kützing ex Lemmermann is among the genera of cyanobacteria often associated to toxic blooms with the release of microcystins. A gene cluster codes for microcystin synthetases, which are involved in the biosynthesis of this toxin. The aim of the present study was to investigate the genetic diversity of the mcyB gene, specifically the B1 module, in Brazilian strains of Microcystis spp. and its microcystin variants. Broad genetic diversity was revealed in this region. From the phylogenetic analysis, three clusters were obtained that were not related to the geographic origin or morphospecies of the strains, nor with the variant of the microcystin produced. A group of strains that did not produce microcystins was found, despite the presence of the mcyB1 fragment. Eight microcystin isoforms were detected: MC-LR, [D-Asp³]-MC-LR, [Asp³]-MC-LR, MC-RR, [Dha7]-MC-LR, MC-LF, MC-LW and [D-Asp³, EtAdda5]-MC-LH, the latter of which is described for the first time in Brazil. Moreover, five other variants were not identified and indicate being new.Microcystis Kützing ex Lemmermann é dos gêneros de cianobactérias, frequentemente relacionados às florações tóxicas com a liberação de microcistinas. Um agrupamento de genes codifica as sintetases de microscistinas, as quais estão envolvidas na biossíntese desta toxina. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a diversidade genética do gene mcyB, especificamente o módulo B1, de linhagens brasileiras de Microcystis spp. e suas variantes de microcistinas. Uma ampla diversidade genética foi revelada nesta região. A partir da análise filogenética, três agrupamentos foram obtidos, os quais não se relacionaram com a origem geográfica ou com a morfoespécie das linhagens e nem tão pouco com a variante de microcistina produzida. Foi encontrado um grupo de linhagens que não produziu microcistinas, apesar da presença do fragmento mcyB1. Oito variantes de microcistinas foram detectadas: MC-LR, [D-Asp³]-MC-LR, [Asp³]-MC-LR, MC-RR, [Dha7]-MC-LR, MC-LF e MC-LW e [D-Asp³, EtAdda5]-MC-LH, sendo esta última descrita pela primeira vez no Brasil. Além destas, cinco outras variantes não foram identificadas com indicativos de serem novas.

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Bittencourt-Oliveira, M., Oliveira, M., & Pinto, E. (2011). Diversity of microcystin-producing genotypes in Brazilian strains of Microcystis (Cyanobacteria). Brazilian Journal of Biology, 71(1), 209–216. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842011000100030

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