Development and validation of a quality of healthy work environment instrument for shift nurses

Abstract

Background: As the importance of a healthy work environment for nurses’ good practice and patient safety has been recognized, there is a need to assess nurses’ perceptions of the quality of a healthy work environment. Methods: A conceptual framework and construct components were extracted through a literature review and in-depth interviews with shift nurses. The initial items of the instrument were developed according to the conceptual attributes, and the items were selected through content validity by ten experts. Two hundred and forty-seven shift nurses participated in this study through face-to-face surveys to test the reliability and validity of the instrument. The evaluation was used for item and confirmatory factor analyses to assess the criterion-related validity and internal consistency of the instrument. Test-retest reliability was analyzed using data from thirty-two nurses. Results: The final instrument consisted of 23 items with five components identified through confirmatory factor analysis. Criterion-related validity was established using the K-PES-NWI (r =.54). Cronbach’s alpha for the total items was 0.85, and test-retest reliability was 0.73. Conclusion: The quality of the healthy work environment instrument developed in this study was considered reliable and valid. The instrument developed in this study can be used to measure the quality of a healthy work environment as perceived by shift nurses and to identify preventive measures needed to improve the quality of the work environment.