Fucoxanthin Inhibits Development of Sigmoid Colorectal Cancer in a PDX Model With Alterations of Growth, Adhesion, and Cell Cycle Signals

Abstract

Background/Aim: Fucoxanthin (Fx), a dietary marine xanthophyll, exerts potent anticancer effects in various colorectal cancer (CRC) animal models. However, therapeutic effects of Fx in human cancer tissues remain unclear. A patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse model transplanted with cancer tissues from patients is widely accepted as the best preclinical model for evaluating the anticancer potential of drug candidates. Materials and Methods: Herein, we investigated the anticancer effects of Fx in PDX mice transplanted with cancer tissues derived from a patient with CRC (CRC-PDX) using LC-MS/MS- and western blot-based proteome analysis. Results: The tumor in the patient with CRC was a primary adenocarcinoma (T3N0M0, stage II) showing