Análisis de la comunidad del zooplancton gelatinoso (Hydrozoa, Ctenophora, Thaliacea) en el Pacífico central mexicano, abril-mayo 2011

Abstract

The gelatinous zooplankton, an important functional group in the water column, was studied during April and May 2011 in Mexican waters of the Eastern Tropical Pacific. Zooplankton samples and environmental data were obtained during the MareaR-III cruise on board the R/V ‘El Puma’ (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, UNAM). We identified 32 species of gelatinous zooplankton including 25 species of cnidarians (14 medusae, 11 siphonophores), 2 ctenophores and 5 thaliaceans. Up to 14 of these species represent new records for the surveyed area. The medusae Calycopsis simplex, Sphaerocoryne bedoti, Stauridiosarsia baukalion, Lovenella clausa and the siphonophore Sphaeronectes irregularis are recorded for the first time in Mexican waters. High occurrences and/or abundances of the thaliacean Dolioletta gegenbauri, Doliolum nationalis, the medusae Aglaura hemistoma, Liriope tetraphylla, Rhopalonema velatum, Cunina octonaria and the siphonophore Muggiaea atlantica were detected. Lowest diversity values were found in the northern and southern sectors of the surveyed area. The canonical correspondence analysis revealed that most species are r elated to environmental characteristics of the northern part of the surveyed area. The species richness and the abundance were highly influenced by the occurrence of trachy and narcomedusas in sampling stations both near as far from the shore line, as well as by the occurrence of doliolids. The high abundance of gelatinous zooplankton from oceanic waters throughout the surveyed area is attributed to the narrowness of the continental shelf.