Mobilising Community Engagement in Disaster Risk-Sensitive Urban Planning: Insights From Grounded Theory and Two-Mode Social Network Analysis

Abstract

Despite the emphasis in sustainable development goals (SDG) 11, 13, and 17 on collaborative efforts to address climate change-induced disaster risks through inclusive planning, stakeholders' role in fostering community engagement in risk-sensitive urban planning (RSUP) remains underexplored. This study, focusing on Sri Lanka, employs a two-mode social network analysis to examine stakeholders' roles in overcoming barriers and promoting enablers of inclusive RSUP. Through documentary review, expert interviews, and focus-group discussions, 62 stakeholders, 19 barriers, and 19 enablers were identified. State agencies for urban development and disaster management, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), and inter-governmental organisations (IGOs) were found to influence over half of the barriers and enablers. Most stakeholders demonstrate the capacity to address gaps in community knowledge, skills, and competencies while incorporating lived experiences into development planning. NGOs and IGOs are vital for securing resources, knowledge, and technical support. The findings emphasise a multistakeholder approach for enhancing national-level decision-making, policy design, and offer insights into fostering partnerships and addressing challenges for resilient urban environments.