Coffee berry borer population on the arabica coffee beans from three different cropping patterns in Karo, North Sumatera

Abstract

The coffee berry borer or CBB (Hypothenemus hampei) is a critical pest overgrowing on coffee plants. This study was conducted to find out the intensity of CBB infestation. The method was based on the field primarily from direct observations of pest populations in coffee plants. The sampling method was used to systematically calculate the pest population in coffee plantations, with the sample of 50 coffee plants repeated three times for each type of cropping pattern. In each observation of the coffee plants, four samples of branches were taken according to the cardinal direction with the densest branches, and the infested berries were taken and separated according to the color of the berries to observe the population of CBB in it. Yield loss due to CBB infestation in Karo District was around 30-40%. Based on the observational data obtained up to the 10th observation, the highest CBB infestation was found in the coffee plant fields with a monoculture cropping pattern of 0.55%, polyculture (coffee - vegetable) of 0.43%, and the infestation was found in polyculture cropping pattern (coffee - citrus) by 0.24%. Plant spacing could affect the presence of CBB, and polyculture (coffee-citrus) in coffee cultivation is advised in Karo District since it has the lowest infestation rate of CBB.