A least square study on flow and radiative heat transfer of a hybrid nanofluid in a moving frame by considering a spherically-shaped particle

Abstract

The focus of this work is to elucidate the nature of a hydrodynamic hybrid nanofluid in a moving frame. Solar radiation and the sphericallyshaped particle approximation are implemented. The implication of suitable transformation corresponds to self-similarity equations. Least square and RKF 45th-order techniques are employed to evaluate these non-dimensional equations. For better understanding of the problem, energy and flow features are demonstrated for distinct physical constraints. It is recognized that the transfer of fluid heat is pronounced for enhancing R but dismisses in rising values of Pr. A higher value of indicates that more heat is transferred to the liquid, which translates into a a temperature rise.