Al-'AlǍqah bain al-Dǐn wa al-Daulah bi IndǔnǐsiyyǍ: TAn MalǍqǍ wa ǎrǎuhu al-SiyǍsiyyah

Abstract

The relation between state and religion is one of the disturbing issues in Islamic politics. In the early period of Islam, as it is well known, there existed what so-called. "the state ofMadinah," which is often viewed as a model of Islamic politics, where state and religion is like two sides of the coin. In Madinan state religion was one of the dominant factor, which not only legitimated the leadership of Muhammad but also became the source of Inspiration in dealing with problems related to politics and state. While, on the other hand, state was needed to guarantee the existence of religion. The issue became even more complicated after the rise of nation-state in the Islamic World after the end Western Colonialism. Islamic World at that time was challenged to formulate a political and \tate system uncontradictory to Islamic principles and, at the same time, in accordance with modern Western political concept which has spread among the Muslim community. Since then debates around the formulation of "Islamic state" have became a dominant discourse. In Indonesian context, debate between Mohammad Nat sir and Soekarno on 'Islam, and Nationalism" is an important case in point. The debate reflects Indonesian Muslim struggle-Through different angles-To establish a political system in Indonesia.