Prevalencia de patología oftalmológica en prematuros menores de un año de edad

Abstract

objective: to report ocular abnormalities in premature infants examined before one year of corrected Gesta-tional age (CGA). Patients and Methods: Retrospective review of medical records of a number of premature infants ([birth weight (BW) ≤ 1 500 g and/or ≤ 32 week gestational age (GA)] born between 2006 and 2009 and examined before one year of CGA. GA, BW, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), CGA examination, refraction, anisometropia and strabismus information were recorded. results: Out of the 149 premature infants born during the period, 100 had eye exam before one year of age (67.14%), the mean GA and BW was 29.3 (range 23-36) weeks and 1217 (343-2190) g, respectively. 29% had ROP, 4% required treatment. The mean CGA at the time of ophthalmologic examination was 6.4 (3 to 11.5) months. The spherical equivalent was +1.34 D (-1.75 to +5.75), 2.2% presented anisometropia > 1D (95% CI, -0.82 to 5.26). 3.3% (95% CI, -0.38 to 7.04) were in need of glasses according to international recommendations and 4% (95% CI, 0.16 to 7.84) had strabismus. conclusions: The low prevalence of risk factors for amblyopia detected in this population compared with that reported for premature infants with severe ROP could be explained by the low prevalence of the latter in this study.