Advancing Cefuroxime Axetil through Nanotechnology: Enhancing Its Effectiveness

Abstract

Cefuroxime axetil, a second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, has long been utilized to treat various bacterial infections. However, recent advances in nanotechnology have provided new directions for enhancing its effectiveness through the development of innovative nanoformulations. Cefuroxime axetil, which is classified as a β-lactam agent, has a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. This drug exists in polymorphous crystalline and amorphous forms, the latter of which exhibits superior bioavailability. This review explores the pharmacokinetic and various pharmacodynamic properties and mechanisms of action of cefuroxime axetil. Moreover, the challenges posed by the drug’s poor aqueous solubility and bioavailability, and the potential of nanoformulations to address these limitations and enhance the therapeutic efficacy of this agent, are discussed.