Os significados da comorbidade para os pacientes vivendo com TB/HIV: Repercussões no tratamento

Abstract

This article aims to understand the construction process of meanings given by patients in relation to the experience of comorbidity tuberculosis and HIV (TB/HIV), and its impact on their treatments. Given the complexity of the subject, it was decided to study it in the light of the theoretical framework of social constructionism. The qualitative study involved the use of semi-structured interviews with ten patients with TB/HIV being treated at a hospital in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Data were examined with content analysis technique, organized into five areas: a) patient and their disease; b) support; c) treatment meanings; d) relationship with the health service; and e) stigma, prejudice and discrimination. The results indicate that the experience of the two conditions and their treatment is a difficult experience, bringing marked distress to patients’ lives. TB intensifies the pain of living with HIV/AIDS. The stigma of TB is reinforced by the stigma of AIDS, increasing the fear of living associated with prejudice. To the family, religion and health services are entrusted key role as a safe place and identity preservation. Despite the physical, psychological and moral suffering and difficulties with both treatments, it is possible to make compromises in everyday life.