The Influence of First Language Interference on ESL Writing Skills

Abstract

First language (L1) interference plays a critical role in shaping the writing skills of English as a Second Language (ESL) learners. This article explores the influence of L1 interference on grammar, vocabulary, and discourse structure, highlighting how negative transfer from learners’ native languages affects their writing in English. By analyzing case studies of Arabic- and Chinese-speaking ESL learners, the article demonstrates common errors stemming from L1 interference and provides practical strategies for addressing these challenges in the classroom. The importance of raising learner awareness, employing targeted instructional techniques, and offering consistent practice with authentic English writing is emphasized as key to minimizing L1 interference and improving ESL writing proficiency.