Endocrine disruptors, estrogenic activity by the YES bioassay, and acute toxicity in Southeastern Brazil metropolitan surface waters

Abstract

This study aimed to determine endocrine disruptors in urbanized rivers Maracanã and Mangue Channel in Rio de Janeiro the second most populated city in Brazil. Bisphenol A, 17β-estradiol, estriol, and 17α-ethinylestradiol were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector and fluorescence detector In addition, the evaluation of estrogenic activity was performed by the YES bioassay (Yeast estrogen screen) with the Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, and acute toxicity assays were performed using Daphnia similis and Vibrio fischeri. Estrogenic activity in the water samples ranged from below the limit of detection (