The impact of menopause on the sexual health of Chinese Cantonese women: A mixed methods study

Abstract

Aims: This study explored the impact of menopause on sexual health and marital relationships, the associated factors and the support needed among middle-aged and older women. Background: Although women experiencing menopause are more vulnerable to sexual health and marital problems, few studies have addressed this topic. Design: A mixed methods design was used, comprising primarily quantitative methods with a qualitative component to evaluate the impact of menopause on sexual health. Methods: Eligible women from community-based women centre in Hong Kong were recruited for a survey. The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) was used to evaluate sexual function and risk factors for developing sexual dysfunction. Purposively selected women were invited to participate in in-depth individual interviews to explore the impact of menopause on sexual health, the barriers encountered and the desired support. Findings: In total, 540 respondents completed the survey with response rate of 59.7% where 30 respondents participated in the in-depth individual interview. The prevalence of sexual dysfunction in the overall respondents and postmenopause were 85.1% and 91.2% respectively. Depression was found as a strong factor associated with sexual dysfunction. The qualitative data showed that menopause had a considerable negative impact on women's sexual lives. Vaginal dryness and low sexual desire were most commonly reported. Knowledge, financial support and family understanding were important to helping women manage menopause. Conclusion: This study gives further knowledge for healthcare providers and policy makers to develop appropriate strategies and deliver suitable services to improve the quality of sexual health of menopausal women.