Enhancing HOTS using Problem-Based Learning and Digital Game in the Context of Malaysian Primary School

Abstract

Learning in the 21st century emphasize on development of higherorder thinking skills such as problem-solving skills with substantial highlightwas given toward student-centred approach. Digital game and problem-solvingactivities are an ideal combination of student-centred approach which facilitateactive participation for students to practice and develop their thinking skills. Thisstudy was conducted to investigate the effect and the process of using digitalgame and problem-based learning skills to enhance higher order thinking skillsin primary school student in the context of Malaysia. A preliminary study wasconducted to 50 samples to collect data about their current higher order thinkingskills level. The result shows samples are good in identify problem and solution,but weak in decision making and reasoning. To study the effect of digitalgame and problem-based learning combined in enhancing higher order thinkingskills, a pre-test and post-test was conducted to 35 samples before and after threesessions of digital game problem-based learning section. After running a pairedsample t test upon the pre-test and post-test, the result show that the combinationof digital game and problem-based learning have significant effect in enhancinghigher order thinking skills. To understand samples’ learning process, reflectionjournal was used after each learning section and an interview was conductedfollowing the post-test. The data gathered indicate samples do enjoy learningwith digital games and problem-based learning, and they agreed the approacheshelp them to learn better. However, they expected for more exciting gamesand group activities in the future. This study opens a gateway for developingstudent-centred and fun learning approach that beneficial toward student’s higherorder thinking skills.